Computer Blog

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BASICS OF INTERNET

The Internet is a global collection of computer networks that are linked together by devices called routers and use a common set of protocols for data transmission known as TCP/IP (transmission control protocol /Internet protocol).

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What is the Internet?

The Internet is a global network of billions of computers and other electronic devices. With the Internet, it's possible to access almost any information, communicate with anyone else in the world, and do much more.

What is the Web?

The World Wide Web—usually called the Web for short—is a collection of different websites you can access through the Internet. A website is made up of related text, images, and other resources. Websites can resemble other forms of media—like newspaper articles or television programs—or they can be interactive in a way that's unique to computers.

How does the Internet work?

It's important to realize that the Internet is a global network of physical cables, which can include copper telephone wires, TV cables, and fiber optic cables. Even wireless connections like Wi-Fi and 3G/4G rely on these physical cables to access the Internet. When you visit a website, your computer sends a request over these wires to a server. A server is where websites are stored, and it works a lot like your computer's hard drive. Once the request arrives, the server retrieves the website and sends the correct data back to your computer.

Other things you can do on the Internet

One of the best features of the Internet is the ability to communicate almost instantly with anyone in the world. Email is one of the oldest and most universal ways to communicate and share information on the Internet, and billions of people use it. Social media allows people to connect in a variety of ways and build communities online. There are many other things you can do on the Internet. There are thousands of ways to keep up with news or shop for anything online. You can pay your bills, manage your bank accounts, meet new people, watch TV, or learn new skills. You can learn or do almost anything online.

 What is the World Wide Web (WWW)?

The WWW is a collection of Internet sites that can be accessed by using a hypertext interface. Hypertext documents on the web contain links to other documents located anywhere on the web. By clicking on a link, you are immediately taken to another file or site to access relevant materials. The interesting thing about Hypertext links is that the links might take you to related material on another computer located anywhere in the world, rather than just to a file on your local hard drive.

Basic WWW Concepts

1. BROWSER 

A WWW browser is software on your computer that allows you to access the World Wide Web. Examples include Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer. Please know that a browser can’t work its magic unless you are somehow connected to the Internet. At home, that is normally accomplished by using a modem that is attached to your computer and your phone line and allows you to connect to, or dial-up, an Internet Service Provider (ISP). At work, it may be accomplished by connecting your workplace’s local area network to the Internet by using a router and a high speed data line.

2. HYPERTEXT AND HYPERMEDIA –

Hypertext is text that contains electronic links to other text. In other words, if you click on hypertext it will take you to other related material. In addition, most WWW documents contain more than just text. They may include pictures, sounds, animations, and movies. Documents with links that contain more than just text are called hypermedia.

3. HTML (HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE) –

HTML is a set of commands used to create world wide web documents. The commands allow the document creator to define the parts of the document. For example, you may have text marked as headings, paragraphs, bulleted text, footers, etc. There are also commands that let you import images, sounds, animations, and movies as well as commands that let you specify links to other documents. If you wanted to create your own web page, you would need to know HTML or be able to use a tool that can generate HTML such as Claris HomePage or Adobe PageMill.

4. URL (UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR) –

Links between documents are achieved by using an addressing scheme. That is, in order to link to another document or item (sound, picture, movie), it must have an address. That address is called its URL. The URL identifies the host computer name, directory path, and file name of the item. It also identifies the protocol used to locate the item such as hypertext, ftp, telnet or news.

5. HTTP (HYPERTEXT TRANPORT PROTOCOL) –

HTTP is the protocol used to transfer hypertext or hypermedia documents.

6. HOME PAGE –

A home page is usually the starting point for locating information at a WWW site. Currently, the home page for Pimpri Chinchwad Polytechnic is http://www.pcpolytechnic.com/ which is best polytechnic college in pune.

7. CLIENTS AND SERVERS –

If a computer has a web browser installed, it is known as a client. A host computer that is capable of providing information to others is called a server. A server requires special software in order to provide web documents to others.